教材编写突出"四大”特色，以职业能力为本位，以工作过程为导向，以学生兴趣为前提，以职业岗位为背景。教材体系新颖，将计算机网络的有关知识按项目模块由浅入深、从易到难进行重组，设置了理论知识、任务案例实施、知识拓展及技能训练等环节，能针对高职高专学生的特点，将知识分散于各任务模块中，方便了师生的教学互动。

前 言 随着网络技术和信息化教学手段的快速发展，国家示范性高职院校建设和骨干高职院校 建设的深入，各地一流高职院校和优质高职院校建设的启动，高等职业院校的专业人才培养 方案不断地调整与优化。近几年来，经过多轮教学实践的经验积累，“计算机网络基础”课程 教学内容和课堂教学手段都有了较大的变化。为了深入提升课程教学质量，联合兄弟院校和 企业专家，我们开展了“计算机网络基础课程”教材建设的研讨。教材编写上，在《计算机 网络基础项目化教程》省精品教材的基础上，针对企业人才需求升级改版，力求既突出地方 特色，又兼顾高职院校通用性。根据新一轮的人才培养方案和课程标准，结合近几年网络课 程教学的实际情况，以江宁市教育网项目为案例，对教学内容重新梳理。在内容编排上，一 方面以TCP/IP 四层协议为线，从数据的传输过程分析为入手；另一方面，通过实际项目引入， 内容组织上按从项目分解到再组合流程展开，达到了真实项目与理论知识的融合。本书内容 主要由六个部分组成，它们分别是初识网络、组建交换式网络、实现网络互联、配置网络服 务、局域网安全技术及教育网络系统工程。全书六个部分如下：项目一，主要介绍网络基本 概念；项目二，主要介绍校园交互网络的组建；项目三，主要介绍网络三层互联；项目四， 主要介绍网络服务器的配置和使用；项目五，主要介绍网络的安全和接入；项目六，针对实 际项目介绍网络系统工程实施流程。 本书的编写是对目前教材建设的思考，也是多位老师教学实践经验的总结。将虚拟机 和模拟器用于课堂项目任务的设计，克服了课堂教学的局限性。更新项目任务、增加理论 验证实践、附录等尽量解决项目化教材所展示的知识体系不完整、不系统的问题。内容编 排方面，采取先明确项目任务，再介绍相关知识，最后具体完成任务，真正实现“教、学、 做”一体化。 本教材主要编写人员有：苏州工业职业技术学院朱亮老师、顾红燕老师，山东电子工业 职业技术学院孙梅梅老师，河北工业职业技术学院赵国芳老师，苏州国环信息科技有限公司 杨海泉工程师，苏州扬天信息科技有限公司叶晓寅高级工程师，苏州高新股份有限公司吴小华高级工程师。刘宝莲、陈华、王东海等老师以及苏州工业职业技术学院的学生们对全书的 内容组织和结构编排提出了宝贵意见和建议，在此一并向他们表示感谢。 由于本人水平所限，时间仓促，书中不足之处敬请广大读者批评指正。 编 者 2017 年6 月

项目一 初识网络 ············································································ 1 任务一 认识网络 ························································································ 4 一、计算机网络概论 ··············································································· 4 二、计算机网络的分类及拓扑结构 ····························································· 6 三、计算机网络体系结构 ········································································ 11 任务二 分析网络协议 ················································································· 26 一、认识地址解析协议ARP ···································································· 26 二、认识控制报文协议ICMP ··································································· 28 三、认识网卡与MAC 地址 ····································································· 29 任务三 网络命令的作用 ·············································································· 33 一、以太网协议 ···················································································· 34 二、IP 协议 ·························································································· 35 项目二 组建交换式网络 ································································· 51 任务一 双绞线的制作与测试 ········································································ 52 一、传输介质 ······················································································· 52 二、制作网线工具 ················································································· 58 任务二 组建对等网 ···················································································· 63 一、局域网技术 ···················································································· 64 二、以太网协议标准 ·············································································· 65 三、CSMA/CD 协议 ··············································································· 65 四、认识二层网络设备 ··········································································· 68 任务三 子网划分与子网编址 ········································································ 71 一、IP 地址的结构和分类 ······································································· 71 二、子网及其子网掩码 ··········································································· 75三、子网规划与编址 ·············································································· 78 任务四 VLAN 的划分 ················································································· 81 一、虚拟局域网 ···················································································· 81 二、VLAN 的划分 ················································································· 83 任务五 跨交换机VLAN 的通信 ····································································· 90 一、VLAN 端口模式 ·············································································· 90 二、VLAN 中继技术 ·············································································· 91 项目三 实现网络互联 ··································································· 103 任务一 路由器基本配置 ············································································ 104 一、路由器的工作原理及常用路由器 ······················································· 104 二、路由及路由选择 ············································································ 105 任务二 静态路由配置 ··············································································· 111 一、静态路由 ····················································································· 112 二、IP 数据报在路由器间的转发过程 ······················································ 113 任务三 RIP 动态路由配置 ·········································································· 119 一、动态路由 ····················································································· 120 二、RIP 协议······················································································ 122 任务四 OSPF 协议配置 ·············································································· 128 任务五 VLAN 间互通 ··············································································· 133 一、三层交换机及其工作原理 ································································ 134 二、二层交换机、路由器与三层交换机的功能比较 ····································· 136 项目四 配置网络服务 ··································································· 150 任务一 配置DNS，HTTP 及FTP 服务 ·························································· 151 一、传输层控制协议TCP ······································································ 151 二、应用层 ························································································ 153 任务二 配置DHCP ··················································································· 161 一、DHCP 协议 ·················································································· 161 二、DHCP 中继代理 ············································································ 161 任务三 SMTPPOP3 协议 ··········································································· 165 项目五 局域网安全技术 ································································ 176 任务一 配置防火墙 ·················································································· 177 一、认识网络安全威胁 ········································································· 177 二、常见安全防护措施 ········································································· 178 三、防火墙技术 ·················································································· 180 任务二 ACL 访问控制列表 ········································································· 186一、访问控制列表的工作原理 ································································ 186 二、标准访问控制列表的配置 ································································ 187 三、扩展访问控制列表的配置 ································································ 188 任务三 主机安全防护 ··············································································· 192 一、ARP 病毒 ···················································································· 193 二、常用的杀毒软件 ············································································ 194 三、Windows 防火墙 ············································································ 197 任务四 虚拟专用网VPN ············································································ 202 一、安全加密与传输技术 ······································································ 203 二、网络隧道技术（VPN） ··································································· 206 项目六 教育网络系统工程 ····························································· 229 一、网络系统设计原则 ········································································· 230 二、网络系统设计的模块化 ··································································· 231 附录 计算机网络技术术语中英互译 ················································· 248

俞海英，东南大学计算机应用技术毕业，苏州工业职业技术学院计算机网络专业专职教师，副教授。牵头和参与省部级教学改革研究课题多项，获得省级教学成果一等奖，具有丰富的实践和教学经验。

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