
作者William H.Hayt,Jr.教授曾任教于美国普渡大学,其一生获得诸多荣誉,堪称教学名师之典范。请读者在学习该教材之前,一定要阅读作者简介,相信这一定会激发你对William H.Hayt,Jr.教授的敬仰和对电磁场学习的兴趣。作者J. A. Buck为乔治亚理工学院电气与计算机工程系教授。两位作者合编的该书的第6版于2001年出版,William,H.Hayt,Jr.的第1版距今已50多年。
本教材与国内电子与电气工程专业的本科教材基本一致,其内容满足我国高校教学大纲要求。该书基本概念讲述清晰、注重物理概念、淡化公式推导、图文并茂、定理和重要公式彩色加重印刷; 每章后面都配有约30道习题。该书写作文笔流畅、可读性好、易理解,学生可以使用该教材进行自主学习,是电磁场或电磁场与波课程的理想教材或参考书。
需要特别指出的是: 该书配有学习网站(网址见封底),网站提供了丰富的学习资源和内容,包括图、动画、互动、小测验等,书中页边处给出了网站上对应内容的图标,每当学到图标处时,建议查阅网站相应内容,这对学习非常有益。另外,每章后面的习题采用三级难度分类标识给出每道题的难易程度(题号后的竖条),便于不同学习程度的学生选择习题。
相对于国内相应教材,该书在内容上包含一些工程使用性内容,如不规则形状电极间的电容近似计算方法、PN结电容、磁路概念、铁磁材料的非线性等内容。该书在内容上的另一特点是简略一些公式推导,加强物理概念讲述,新版本更加如此。例如,新版本删除了求解拉普拉斯方程和泊松方程的分离变量法和差分法等内容,因为此为数学方法,并非物理概念。删除的这些内容放到了网站上供扩展性学习。
该书在内容编排上有独到之处。例如,在静电场部分,将能量与电位的引入结合在一起(第4章的题目为能量和电位),突出了电位是电场对单位电荷做功的物理属性,而不是像国内教材强调电位梯度等于电场强度的数学关系; 在磁场部分,相对于静电场部分的5章编排,该部分仅以两章出现,一章的题目为“恒定磁场”,另一章的题目为“磁场力、材料和电感”,这种编排的综合性与静电场内容编排的分散性形成了明显的反差,且在讲解中多处是通过与静电场类比的形式直接给出结果或结论。
在内容讲解上比较简洁,如仅用了两页就介绍完了磁场能量与求磁场力的虚功法,并且概念和实用性很强,从该节题目上的“磁材料上的力”便可以清楚地表明,虚功法的主要用途是求作用在磁材料上的力,这是利用洛伦兹磁力的表达式求解所不及的。
该书在教学网站提供了教辅资源,包括动画、互动、测验等,并给出了一些利用Ansoft等电磁场数值计算软件得到的场图,以及一些问答测试题。
About the authors
William H_ Hayt, Jr. (deceased ) received his B.S. and M.S. degrees al Purdue Uni-
versity and his Ph.D. from the University of Illinois. After spending four years in
industry. Professor Hayt joined the faculty of Purdue Universicy. where he served as
professor and head of the School of Electrical Engineering,and as professor emeritus
after retiring in 1986. Professor Hayt's professional society memberships included
Eta Kappa Nu. Tau Beta Pi. Sigma Xi, Sigma Delta Chi. Fellow of IEEE. ASEE. and
NAEB. While at Purdue. he received numerous teaching awards. including the uni-
versity's Best Teactler Award. He is also listed in Purdue's Book of Great Teachers. a
permanent wall display in the Purduc Memonial Union, dedicated on April 23. 1999.
The book bears the name of the inaugural group of 225 faculty members. past and
present, who have devoted their lives to excellence in teaching and scholarship. They
were chosen by their students and their peers as Purdue's finest educators.
A native of Los Angeles.California. John A. Buck received his M.S. and Ph.D.
degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of California at Berkeley in
1977 and 1982. and his B.S. in Engineering from UCLA in 1973. In 1982. he joined
the faculty of the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Georgia Tech,
where he has remained for the past 28 years. His research areas and publications
have centered within the fields of ultratfast ,switching,nonlinear optics, and optical
fiber communications. Hc is the author of the graduate text Fundamentals of Optical
Fibers (Wiley Interscience ). which is now in its second edition. Awards include the
institute teaching awards and the IEEE Third Millenium Medal. When not glued to
his computer or confined to the lab, Dr. Buck enjoys music,hiking,and photography.
序
作者William H.Hayt,Jr.教授曾任教于美国普渡大学,其一生获得诸多荣誉,堪称教学名师之典范。请读者在学习该教材之前,一定要阅读作者简介,相信这一定会激发你对William H.Hayt,Jr.教授的敬仰和对电磁场学习的兴趣。作者J. A. Buck为乔治亚理工学院电气与计算机工程系教授。两位作者合编的该书的第6版于2001年出版,William,H.Hayt,Jr.的第1版距今已50多年。
本教材与国内电子与电气工程专业的本科教材基本一致,其内容满足我国高校教学大纲要求。该书基本概念讲述清晰、注重物理概念、淡化公式推导、图文并茂、定理和重要公式彩色加重印刷; 每章后面都配有约30道习题。该书写作文笔流畅、可读性好、易理解,学生可以使用该教材进行自主学习,是电磁场或电磁场与波课程的理想教材或参考书。
需要特别指出的是: 该书配有学习网站(网址见封底),网站提供了丰富的学习资源和内容,包括图、动画、互动、小测验等,书中页边处给出了网站上对应内容的图标,每当学到图标处时,建议查阅网站相应内容,这对学习非常有益。另外,每章后面的习题采用三级难度分类标识给出每道题的难易程度(题号后的竖条),便于不同学习程度的学生选择习题。
相对于国内相应教材,该书在内容上包含一些工程使用性内容,如不规则形状电极间的电容近似计算方法、PN结电容、磁路概念、铁磁材料的非线性等内容。该书在内容上的另一特点是简略一些公式推导,加强物理概念讲述,新版本更加如此。例如,新版本删除了求解拉普拉斯方程和泊松方程的分离变量法和差分法等内容,因为此为数学方法,并非物理概念。删除的这些内容放到了网站上供扩展性学习。
该书在内容编排上有独到之处。例如,在静电场部分,将能量与电位的引入结合在一起(第4章的题目为能量和电位),突出了电位是电场对单位电荷做功的物理属性,而不是像国内教材强调电位梯度等于电场强度的数学关系; 在磁场部分,相对于静电场部分的5章编排,该部分仅以两章出现,一章的题目为“恒定磁场”,另一章的题目为“磁场力、材料和电感”,这种编排的综合性与静电场内容编排的分散性形成了明显的反差,且在讲解中多处是通过与静电场类比的形式直接给出结果或结论。
在内容讲解上比较简洁,如仅用了两页就介绍完了磁场能量与求磁场力的虚功法,并且概念和实用性很强,从该节题目上的“磁材料上的力”便可以清楚地表明,虚功法的主要用途是求作用在磁材料上的力,这是利用洛伦兹磁力的表达式求解所不及的。
该书在教学网站提供了教辅资源,包括动画、互动、测验等,并给出了一些利用Ansoft等电磁场数值计算软件得到的场图,以及一些问答测试题。
袁建生
清华大学电机与应用电子技术系
2014年3月
PREFACE
It has been 52 years since the first edition of this book was published,then under the
sole authorship of William H. Hayt. Jr. As I was five years old at that time,this would
have meant little to me. But everything changed 15 years later when Iused the second
edition in a basic electromagnetics course as a college junior. I remember my sense
of foreboding at the start of the course. being aware of friends' horror stories. On first
opening the book. however, I was pleasantly surprised by the friendly writing style
and by the measured approach to the subject, which - at least for me - made it a
very readable book,out of which I was able to learn with little help from my professor.
I referred to it often while in graduate school,taught from the fourth and fifth editions
on the retirement(and subsequent untimely death)of Bill Hayt. The memories of my time as
a beginner are clear,and I have tried to maintain the accessible style that I found so welcome then.
Over the 50-year span,the subject matter has not changed. but emphases have. In
the universities,the trend continues toward reducing electrical engineering core course
allocations to electromagnetics. I have made efforts to streamline the presentation in
this new edition to enable the student to get to Maxwell's equations sooner,and I have
added more advanced material. Many of the earlier chapters are now slightly shorter
than their counterparts in the seventh edition. This has been done by economizing on
the wording, shortening many sections, or by removing some entirely. In some cases.
deleted topics have been convened to stand-alone articles and moved to the website,
from which they can be downloaded. Major changes include the following: (1) The
material on dielectrics.formerly in Chapter 6,has been moved to the end of Chapter 5.
(2) The chapter on Poisson's and Laplace's equations has been eliminated, retaining
only lhe one-dimensional trealment, which has been moved to the end of Chapter 6.
The two-dimensional Laplace equation discussion and that of numerical methods have
been moved to the website for the book. (3 ) The treatment on rectangular waveguides
(Chapter 13) has been expanded, presenting the methodology of two-dimensional
boundary value problems in that context. (4) The coverage of radiation and antennas
has been greatly expanded and now forms the entire Chapter 14.
Some 130 new problems have been added throughout. For some of these, I chose
particularly good “classic” problems from the earliest editions. I have also adopted
a new system in which the approximate level of difficulty is indicated beside each
problem on a three-level scale. The lowest level is considered a fairly straightforward
problem,requiring little work assuming the material is understood; a level 2 problem
is conceptually more difficult, and/or may require more work to solve; a level 3 prob-
lem is considered either difficult conceptually, or may require extra effort (including
possibly the help of a computer) to solve.
As in the previous edition, the transmission lines chapter (10) is stand-alone,
and can be read or covered in any part of a course, including the beginning. In
it, transmission lines are treated entirely within the context of circuit theory; wave
phenomena are introduced and used exclusively in the form of voltages and cur-
rents. Inductance and capacitance concepts are treated as known parameters. and
so there is no reliance on any other chapter. Field concepts and parameter com-
putation in transmission lines appear in the early part of the waveguides chapter
(13), where they play additional roles of helping to introduce waveguiding con-
cepts. The chapters on electromagnetic waves, 11 and 12, retain their independence
of transmission line theory in that one can progress from Chapter 9 directly to
Chapter 11. By doing this, wave phenomena are introduced from first principles
but within the context of the uniform plane wave. Chapter 11 refers to Chapter 10 in
places where the latter may give additional perspective, along with a little more detail.
Nevertheless, all necessary material to learn plane waves without previously studying
transmission line waves is found in Chapter 11, should the student or instructor wish
to proceed in that order.
The new chapter on antennas covers radiation concepts, building on the retarded
potential discussion in Chapter 9. The discussion focuses on the dipole antenna,
individually and in simple arrays. The last section covers elementary transmit-receive
systems, again using the dipole as a vehicle.
The book is designed optimally for a two-semester course. As is evident. statics
concepts are emphasized and occur first in the presentation, but again Chapter 10
(transmission lines) can be read first. In a single course that emphasizes dynamics,
the transmission lines chapter can be covered initially as mentioned or at any point in
the course. One way to cover the statics material more rapidly is by deemphasizing
materials properties (assuming these are covered in other courses) and some of the
advanced topics. This involves omitting Chapter 1 (assigned to be read as a review).
and omitting Sections 2.5, 2.6, 4.7, 4.8, 5.5-5.7, 6.3, 6.4, 6.7, 7.6, 7.7, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8,
8.9, and 9.5.
A supplement to this edition is web-based material consisting of the afore-
mentioned articles on special topics in addition to animated demonstrations and
interactive programs developed by Natalya Nikolova of McMaster University and
Vikram Jandhyala of the University of Washington. Their excellent contributions
are geared to the text, and icons appear in the margins whenever an exercise that
pertains to the narrative exists. In addition, quizzes are provided to aid in furrher
study.
The theme of the text is the same as it has been since the first edition of 1958.
An inductive approach is used that is consistent with the historical development. In
it, the experimental laws are presented as individual concepts that are later unified
in Maxwell's equations. After the first chapter on vector analysis, additional math-
ernatical tools are introduced in the text on an as-needed basis. Throughout every
edition, as well as this one, the primary goal has been to enable students to learn
independently. Numerous examples, drill problems (usually having multiple parts),
end-of-chapter problems, and material on the web site, are provided to facilitate this.
Answers to the drill problems are given below each problem. Answers to odd-
numbered end-of-chapter problems are found in Appendix F. A solutions manual
and a set of PowerPoint slides, containing pertinent figures and equations, are avail-
able to instructors. These,along with all other material mentioned previously, can be
accessed on the website:
www.mhhe.com/haytbuck
I would like to acknowledge the valuable input of several people who helped
to make this a better edition. Special thanks go to Glenn S. Smith (Georgia Tech),
who reviewed the antennas chapter and provided many valuable comments and sug-
gestions. Detailed suggestions and errata were provided by Clive Woods (Louisiana
State University), Natalya Nikolova, and Don Davis (Georgia Tech). Accuracy checks
on the new problems were carrieci out by Todd Kaiser (Montana State University)
and Steve Weis (Texas Christian University). Other reviewers provided detailed com-
ments and suggestions at the start of the project; many of the suggestions affected the
outcome. They include:
Sheel Aditya - Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Yaqub M. Amani - SUNY Maritime College
Rusnani Ariffin - Universiti Teknologi MARA
Ezekiel Bahar - University of Nebraska Lincoln
Stephen Blank - New York Institute of Technology
Thierry Blu - The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Jeff Chamberlain - Illinois College
Yinchao Chen - University of South Carolina
Vladimir Chigrinov - Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
Robert Coleman - University of North Carolina Charlotte
Wilbur N. Dale
lbrahim Elshafiey - King Saud University
Wayne Grassel - Point Park University
Essam E. Hassan - King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals
David R. Jackson - University of Houston
Karim Y. Kabalan - American University of Beirut
Shahwan Victor Khoury, Professor Emeritus - Notre Dame University,
Louaize-Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon
Choon S. Lee - Southern Methodist University
Mojdeh J. Mardani - University of North Dakota
Mohamed Mostafa Morsy - Southern Illinois University Carbondale
Sima Noghanian - University of North Dakota
W.D. Rawle - Calvin College
Goniul Sayan - Middle East Technical University
Fred H. Terry - Professor Emeritus. Christian Brothers University
Denise Thorsen - IJniversity of Alaska Fairbanks
Chi-Ling Wang - Feng-Chia University
I also acknowledge the feedback and many comments from students. too numerous to
name, including several who have contacted me from afar. I continue to be open and
grateful for this feedback and can be reached at john.buck@ece.gatech.edu. Many
suggestions were made that I considered constructive and actionable. I regret that
not all could be incorporated because of time restrictions. Creating this book was a
team effort, involving several outstanding people at McGraw-Hill. These include my
publisher, Raghu Srinivasan, and sponsoring editor, Peter Massar, whose vision and
encouragement were invaluable, Robin Reed,who deftly coordinated the production
phase with excellent ideas and enthusiasm, and Darlene Schueller. who was my
guide and conscience from the beginning, providing valuable insights, and jarring me
into action when necessary. Typesetting was supervised by Vipra Fauzdar at Glyph
International, who employed the best copy editor I ever had, Laura Bowman. Diana
Fouts (Georgia Tech) applied her vast artistic skill to designing the cover, as she has
done for the previous two editions. Finally, I am, as usual in these projects, grateful
to a patient and supportive family, and particularly to my daughter, Amanda. who
assisted in preparing the manuscript.
John A. Buck
Marietta, Georgia
December ,2010
On the cover: Radiated intensity patterns for a dipole antenna, showing the cases
for which the wavelength is equal to the overall antenna length (red), two-thirds the
antenna length (green), and one-half the antenna length (blue).
About the Authors 1
序 3
Chapter 1
Vector Analysis 2
I.I Scalars and Vectors 2
1.2 Vector Algebra 3
1.3 The Rectangular Coordinate System 4
1.4 Vector Components and Unit Vectors 6
1.5 The Vector Field {)
1.6 The Dot Product l0
1.7 The Cross Product 12
1.8 0ther Coordinate Systems: Circular
Cylindrical Coordinates 14
1.9 The Spherical Coordinate Sysiem l9
References 23
Chapter 1 Problems 23
Chapter 2
Coulomb's Law and Electric
Field Intensity 28
2.1 The Experimental Law of Coulomb 28
2.2 Electric Field Intensity 31
2.3 Field Arising from a Continuous Volume
Charge Distribution 35
2.4 Field of a Line Charge 37
2.5 Field of a Sheer of Charge 41
2.6 Streamlines and Sketches of Fields 43
References 46
Chapcer 2 Problems 46
Chapter 3
Electric Flux Density, Gauss's Law,
and Divergence 51
3.1 Electric Flux Density 51
3.2 Gauss's Law 55
3.3 Application of Gauss's Law: Some
Symmetrical Charge Distributions 59
3.4 Application of Gauss's Law: Differential
Volume Element 64
3.5 Divergence and Maxwell's First Equation 67
3.6 The Vector Operator V and the Divergence
Theorem 70
References 7:3
Chapter 3 Problems 74
Chapter 4
Energy and Potential 79
41 Energy Expended in Moving a Point Charge in
an Electric Field 80
4.2 The Line Integral Sl
4.3 Definition of Potential Difference
and Potential 86
4.4 The Potential Field of a Point Charge 88
4.5 The Potential Field of a System of Charges:
Conservative Property 90
4.6 Porential Gradient 94
4.7 The Electric Dipole 99
4.8 Energy Density in the Electrostatic
Field 104
References 108
Chapter 4 Problems 109
Chapter 5
Conductors and Dielectrics 114
5.1 Current and Current Density 115
5.2 Continuity of Current 116
5.3 Metallic Conductors 119
5.4 Conductor Properties and Boundary
Conditions 124
5.5 The Method of Images 129
5.6 Semiconductors 131
5.7 The Nature of Dielectric Materials 132
5.8 Boundary Conditions for Perfect
Dielectric Materials I 38
References 142
Chapter 5 Problems 143
Chapter 6
Capacitance 149
6.1 Capacitance Defined 149
6.2 Parallel-Plate Capacitor 151
6.3 Several Capacitance Examples 153
6.4 Capacitance of a Two-Wire Line 156
6.5 Using Field Sketches to Estimate
Capacitance in Two-Dimensional
Problems 160
6.6 Poisson's and Laplace's Equations 166
6.7 Examples of the Solution of Laplace's
Equation 168
6.8 Example of tHe Solution of Poisson's
Equation: Lhe p-n Junction Capacitance 175
References 178
Chapter 6 Problems 179
Chapter 7
The Steady Magnetic Field 187
7.1 Biot-Savart Law 187
7.2 Ampere's Circuital Law 195
7.3 Curl 202
7.4 Stokes' Theorem 209
7.5 Magnetic Flux and Magnetic Flux
Density 214
7.6 The Scalar and Vector Magnetic
Potentials 217
7.7 Derivation of the Steady-Magnetic-Field
Laws 224
References 230
Chapter 7 Problems 230
Chapter 8
Magnetic Forces, Materials,
and Inductance 238
8.1 Force on a Moving Charge 238
8.2 Force on a Differential Current Element 240
8.3 Force between Differential Current
Elements 244
8.4 Force and Torque on a Closed Circuit 246
8.5 The Nature of Magnetic Materials 252
8.6 Magnetization and Permeability 255
8.7 Magnetic Boundary Conditions 260
8.8 The Magnetic Circuit 263
8.9 Potential Energy and Forces on Magnetic
Materials 269
8.10 Inductance and Mutual Inductance 271
References 278
Chapter 8 Problems 278
Chapter 9
Time-Varying Fields and Maxwell's
Equations 286
9.1 Faraday's Law 286
9.2 Displacement Current 293
9.3 Maxwell's Equations in Point Form 297
9.4 Maxwell's Equations in Integral Form 299
9.5 The Retarded Potentials 301
References 305
Chapter 9 Problems 305
Chapter 10
Transmission Lines 311
10.1 Physical Description or Transmission Line
Propagation 312
10.2 The Transmission Line Equations 314
10.3 Lossless Propagation 316
10.4 Lossless Propagation of Sinusoidal
Voltages 319
10.5 Complex Analysis of Sinusoidal Waves 321
10.6 Transmission Line Equations and Their
Solutions in Phasor Form 323
10.7 Low-Loss Propagation 325
IO.S Power Transmission and The Use of Decibels
in Loss Characterization 327
10.9 Wave Reflection at Discontinuities 330
10.10 Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 333
10.11 Transmission Lines of Finite Length 337
10.12 Some Transmission Line Examples 340
10.13 Graphical Methods: The Smith Chart 344
10.14 Transient Analysis 355
References 368
Chapter 10 Problems 368
Chapter 11
The Uniform Plane Wave 378
11.1 Wave Propagaition in Free Space 378
11.2 Wave Propagaition in Dielectrics 386
11.3 Poynting's Theorem and Wave Power 395
11.4 Propagation in Good Conductors:
Skin Effect 398
11.5 Wave Polarization 405
References 412
Chapter 11 Problems 412
Chapter 12
Plane Wave Reflection and
Dispersion 418
12.1 Reflection of Uniform Plane Waves
at Normal Incidence 418
12.2 Standing Wave Ratio 425
12.3 Wave Reflection from Multiple
Interfaces 429
12.4 Plane Wave Propagation in General
Directions 437
12.5 Plane Wave Relflection at Oblique Incidence
Angles 440
12.6 Total Reflection and Total Transmission
of Obliquely Incident Waves 446
12.7 Wave Propagation in Dispersive Media 449
12.8 Pulse Broadening in Dispersive Media 45t
References 459
Chapter 12 Problems 460
Chapter 13
Guided Waves 466
13.1 Transmission Line Fields and Primary
Constants 466
132 Basic Waveguide Operation 476
13.3 Plane Wave Analysis of the Parallel-Plate
Waveguide 480
13.4 Parallel-Plate Guide Analysis Using the Wave
Equation 489
135 Rectangular Waveguides 492
13.6 Planar Dielectric Waveguides 503
137 0ptical Fiber 510
References 519
Chapter 13 Problems 520
Chapter 14
Electromagnetic Radiation
and Antennas 525
14.1 Basic Radiation Principles: The Hertzian
Dipole 525
14.2 Antenna Specifications 532
14.3 Magnetic Dipole 537
14.4 Thin Wire Antennas 139
14.5 Arrays of Two Elements 147
14.6 Uniform Linear Arrays 551
14.7 Antennas as Receivers 555
References 562
Chapter 14 Problems 162
Appendix A
Vector Analysis 567
A.l General Curvilinear Coordinates 567
A.2 Divergence. Gradient. and Curl
in General Curvilinear Coordinates 568
A.3 Vector Identities 570
Appendix B
Units 571
Appendix C
Material Constants 576
Appendix D
The Uniqueness Theorem 579
Appendix E
Origins of the Complex
Permittivity 581
Appendix F
Answers to Odd-Numbered
Problems 588
第1章矢量分析2
l.l 标量和矢量2
1.2 矢量代数3
1.3 直角坐标系4
1.4 矢量的分量与单位矢量6
1.5 矢量场9
1.6 点乘10
1.7 叉乘12
1.8 其他坐标系:圆柱坐标14
1.9 球坐标系 19
参考文献23
习题23
第2章 库仑定律和电场强度 28
2.1 库仑实验定律28
2.2 电场强度3l
2.3 连续体电荷分布的场35
2.4 线电荷的场37
2.5 面电荷的场41
2.6 场线和场图43
参考文献46
习题46
第3章 电通量密度、高斯定理
和散度51
3.1 电通量密度51
3.2 高斯定理55
3.3 高斯定理的应用:几种对称电荷分布59
3.4 高斯定理的应用:体微元64
3.5 散度和麦克斯韦第一方程67
3.6 矢量算子V和散度定理 70
参考文献73
习题74
第4章 能量和电位79
4.1 电场中移动一个点电荷消耗的能量80
4.2 线积分8l
4.3 电位差和电位的定义 86
44 点电荷的电位场88
4.5 电荷系统的电位场:保守特性90
4.6 电位梯度94
4.7 电偶极子99
4.8 静电场的能量密度 104
参考文献 108
习题 109
第5章导体和介质 114
5.1 电流和电流密度 115
5.2 电流的连续性 116
5.3 金属导体 119
5.4 导体特性和边界条件 124
5.5镜像法129
5.6半导体1 31
5.7介质材料的性质1 32
5.8理想介质材料的边界条件 138
参考文献142
习题l43
第6章 电容 1 49
6.1 电容定义149
6.2平行板电容器151
6.3几个电容实例 153
6.4双导线电容156
6.5 二维问题中用电场图估算电容 160
6.6泊松和拉普拉斯方程 166
6.7拉普拉斯方程求解实例 168
6.8泊松方程求解实例:p一n结电容 175
参考文献 1 78
习题1 79
第7章恒定磁场 1 87
7.1 毕奥一萨伐尔定律 1 87
7.2安培环路定律 195
7.3旋度202
7.4斯托克斯定理209
7.5磁通和磁通密度214
7.6标量和矢量磁位217
7.7恒定磁场定律的推导224
参普文献230
习题230
第8章磁场力、材料和电感238
8.1 运动电荷所受的力 238
8.2微电流元所受的力 240
8.3 两个微电流元之间的力 244
8.4闭合电路所受的力和力矩246
8.5磁材料的性质252
8.6磁化和磁导率255
8.7磁边界条件260
8.8磁路263
8.9磁能和磁材料所受的力 269
8.10电感和互感271
参考文献278
习题278
第9章 时变场和麦克斯韦方程组286
9.1 法拉第定律286
9.2位移电流293
9.3麦克斯韦方程组的点(或微分)形式297
9.4麦克斯韦方程组的积分形式299
9.5推迟位301
参考文献305
习题305
第10章传输线31 1
10.1 传输线传播的物理描述312
10.2传输线方程314
10.3无损传播316
10.4正弦电压的无损传播319
10.5正弦波的复数分析321
10.6相量形式的传输线方程及其解323
10.7低损耗传播325
10.8损耗特性下的功率传输和
分贝的使用327
10.9 不连续处的渡反射330
10.10电压驻波比333
10.11有限长传输线337
10.12几个传输线实例340
10.13图解法:史密斯图344
10.14暂态分析355
参考文献368
习题368
第11章均匀平面波378
11.1 自由空间中的波传播378
11.2介质中的渡传播386
11.3坡印亭定理和波功率395
11.4 良导体中的传播:趋肤效应398
11.5波的极化405
参考文献412
习题412
第12章平面波反射和色散418
12.1 垂直入射时均匀平面波的反射41 8
12.2驻波比425
12.3 多个界面的渡反射429
12.4 一般方向的平面波传播437
12.5斜入射波角时的平面渡反射440
12.6斜入射波的全反射与全传输446
12.7 色散媒质中的波传播449
12.8 色散媒质中的脉冲变宽现象455
参考文献459
习题460
第13章导波466
13.1 传输线场和基本参数466
13.2 基本波导工作原理476
13.3 平行板波导的平面波分析480
13.4 用波方程进行平行板波导分析489
13.5 矩形波导492
13.6 平面介质波导503
13.7 光纤510
参考文献519
习题520
第14章 电磁辐射与天线525
14.1 基本辐射原理:赫兹偶极子525
14.2 天线描述参数532
14.3 磁偶极子537
14.4 细导线天线539
14.5 二元阵列天线547
14.6 均匀线性阵列天线551
14.7 作为接收器的天线555
参考文献562
习题562
附录A矢量分析567
A.l -般曲线坐标567
A.2 -般曲线坐标下的散度、梯度
和旋度568
A.3矢量恒等式570
附录8单位571
附录C材料常数576
附录D 唯一性定理579
附录E 复介电常数的根源 581
附录F奇数号习题答案588